Material Safety Data Sheet: Sodium Hydrogen Sulphate

Identification

Product Name: Sodium Hydrogen Sulphate
Synonyms: Sodium bisulfate, Sodium acid sulfate
Chemical Formula: NaHSO₄
CAS Number: 7681-38-1
Recommended Uses: pH reduction in pools and spas, cleaning agent, industrial processing
Manufacturer: [Manufacturer Details]
Emergency Contact: [24-hour Emergency Number]
Supplier: [Supplier Information]
Address: [Company Address]
Product Code: [Product Number]

Hazard Identification

Classification: Corrosive to metals (Category 1), Serious eye damage/eye irritation (Category 1), Skin irritation (Category 2)
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage. May cause respiratory irritation. Harmful if swallowed.
GHS Pictograms: Corrosion, Exclamation mark
Precautionary Statements: Avoid all contact with eyes and skin. Do not breathe dust. Wash thoroughly after handling. Wear protective clothing.
Route of Exposure: Inhalation, Skin contact, Eye contact, Ingestion
Symptoms: Redness, blistering, severe eye burns, respiratory discomfort, digestive irritation

Composition / Information on Ingredients

Chemical Name: Sodium Hydrogen Sulphate
CAS Number: 7681-38-1
Concentration: 93-100%
Impurities: Small amounts of sodium sulfate, water

First Aid Measures

Inhalation: If breathing is difficult, move person to fresh air. Seek immediate medical attention if symptoms develop or do not resolve.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing and rinse skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Seek immediate medical help if irritation persists.
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes, remove contact lenses if present, continue rinsing. Seek urgent medical care.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth immediately, do not induce vomiting. Seek medical assistance right away.

Fire-Fighting Measures

Flammability: Not flammable
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or foam for surrounding fire.
Special Hazards: May release toxic and corrosive fumes (sulfur oxides, sodium oxides) when heated or during fire.
Firefighter Protection: Firefighters should use self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective gear. Avoid dust inhalation and skin or eye contact.
Thermal Decomposition: At high temperatures emits sulphur oxides and sodium compounds.
Explosion Data: Product not sensitive to mechanical impact or static discharge.

Accidental Release Measures

Personal Precautions: Wear chemical resistant gloves, goggles, and suitable clothing. Ensure ventilation in enclosed areas.
Spill Clean-up: Sweep up dry material with care to avoid dust formation. Use non-sparking tools. Place material in secure, labeled containers for disposal.
Environmental Precautions: Do not allow material to enter waterways. Contain and control run-off.
Decontamination: Wash spill area thoroughly after collection. Use neutralizing agents like sodium bicarbonate if possible.
Notification Procedure: Report to responsible authorities if significant contamination or environmental release occurs.

Handling and Storage

Safe Handling: Use in well-ventilated areas. Avoid direct contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Avoid generating dust. Never mix with strong bases. Always add acid to water, not water to acid.
Storage Conditions: Store in a dry, well-ventilated location away from incompatible substances (strong bases, oxidizers, water), in tightly closed containers, protected from moisture.
Incompatible Materials: Reactive with strong bases, oxidizers, water, and reducing agents.
Special Requirements: Keep containers tightly sealed and away from direct sunlight.

Exposure Controls / Personal Protection

Occupational Exposure Limits: No specific exposure limits set for sodium hydrogen sulphate; general dust exposure limit (10 mg/m³) as per OSHA recommended.
Engineering Controls: Local exhaust ventilation or general dilution ventilation.
Personal Protective Equipment: Chemical protective gloves (nitrile or neoprene), long-sleeved clothing, chemical splash goggles, face shield, approved dust mask or respirator if dust is confined.
Hygiene Practices: Wash hands thoroughly after handling. Remove soiled clothing and wash before reuse. Do not eat, drink, or smoke in work area.

Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance: White crystalline solid or powder
Odor: Odorless
Odor Threshold: Not applicable
pH: 1.0 (1% solution)
Melting Point: Decomposes at 315°C
Boiling Point: Not applicable
Flash Point: Not applicable
Evaporation Rate: Not applicable
Flammability: Non-flammable
Vapor Pressure: Not significant
Vapor Density: Not determined
Solubility: Highly soluble in water
Partition Coefficient (n-octanol/water): Not determined
Auto-ignition Temperature: Not self-igniting
Decomposition Temperature: 315°C
Viscosity: Not applicable
Relative Density: 2.4 (water = 1)

Stability and Reactivity

Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions
Hazardous Polymerization: Will not occur
Materials to Avoid: Strong bases, oxidizers, water, reducing agents
Conditions to Avoid: Exposure to moisture, heat, direct sunlight
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Sulfur oxides, sodium oxides, hydrogen sulfide (in extreme cases)
Reactivity: Reacts exothermically with water and bases, may release harmful vapors in an acid-base reaction.

Toxicological Information

Acute Toxicity: Oral LD₅₀ (rat): ~2800 mg/kg
Inhalation: Dust causes respiratory tract irritation
Skin Corrosion/Irritation: Causes severe irritation, may burn skin
Eye Damage/Irritation: Causes severe burns, risk of permanent eye injury
Chronic Effects: Chronic exposure may lead to dermatitis and prolonged respiratory discomfort
Carcinogenicity: Not classified as carcinogen by IARC, ACGIH, NTP, or OSHA
Sensitization: Not reported as sensitizer
Mutagenicity: Not expected to be mutagenic
Reproductive Toxicity: Not expected based on available data

Ecological Information

Ecotoxicity: Harmful to aquatic life due to low pH in solutions
Aquatic Toxicity: Fish LC₅₀ (96h): 190 mg/L (rainbow trout)
Persistence and Degradability: Inorganic compound, will dissociate in water
Bioaccumulation Potential: Does not bioaccumulate
Mobility in Soil: High solubility, may leach through soil and lower pH
Other Adverse Effects: Acidification of soils or waterways may disrupt ecosystems

Disposal Considerations

Waste Treatment Methods: Dispose of content and container in accordance with local, regional, national regulations.
Disposal Procedures: Neutralize with dilute alkaline solution before discharge, if permitted. Large quantities require hazardous waste disposal by certified contractor.
Prohibited Disposal Methods: Do not dispose of in household garbage, avoid release into environment
Contaminated Packaging: Triple rinse and puncture. Dispose as hazardous waste if not decontaminated.

Transport Information

UN Number: UN 3260
UN Proper Shipping Name: Corrosive Solid, Acidic, Inorganic, N.O.S. (contains Sodium Hydrogen Sulphate)
Transport Hazard Class: 8 (Corrosive)
Packing Group: III
Environmental Hazards: Not classified as Marine Pollutant
Special Transport Notes: Ensure secure, labeled packaging during transit. Avoid contact with incompatible cargo. Follow all transport regulations for corrosive materials.

Regulatory Information

OSHA: Classified as hazardous under OSHA Hazard Communication Standard.
SARA Title III: Not listed under Sections 302, 304, 313
TSCA: Listed on US Toxic Substances Control Act Inventory
CERCLA: Not subject to reporting requirements
Canadian DSL/NDSL: Listed
EU REACH: Registered
Labeling: GHS-compliant labeling required
Other: Subject to all applicable workplace hazard communication standards. Employers expected to comply with state/federal chemical safety and reporting guidelines.